{"id":898,"date":"2025-12-11T08:37:03","date_gmt":"2025-12-11T08:37:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wmtc2006.com\/?p=898"},"modified":"2025-12-11T08:37:03","modified_gmt":"2025-12-11T08:37:03","slug":"tgf-1-plasmid-shape-1a-was-kindly-provided-by-dr-guang-jian-zhang-in-the-medical-college-of-wisconsin-milwaukee-wi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wmtc2006.com\/?p=898","title":{"rendered":"\ufeffTGF-1 plasmid (Shape 1A) was kindly provided by Dr Guang-Jian Zhang in the Medical College of Wisconsin (Milwaukee, WI)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\ufeffTGF-1 plasmid (Shape 1A) was kindly provided by Dr Guang-Jian Zhang in the Medical College of Wisconsin (Milwaukee, WI). cultured cells with this study were probably mesenchymal stem cells. The cellular uptake and transfection effectiveness of the Mouse monoclonal to IgG1 Isotype Control.This can be used as a mouse IgG1 isotype control in flow cytometry and other applications<\/a> CP-pDNA nanoparticles into the mesenchymal stem cells were higher than that of needle-like calcium phosphate nanoparticles and a standard calcium phosphate transfection kit. Furthermore, live cell imaging and confocal laser microscopy vividly showed the transportation process of the CP-pDNA nanoparticles in mesenchymal stem cells. The results of a cytotoxicity assay found that both plasmid TGF-1 and calcium phosphate were not harmful to mesenchymal stem cells. == Summary == CP-pDNA nanoparticles can be developed into an effective alternative like a nonviral gene delivery system that is highly efficient and offers low cytotoxicity. Keywords:calcium phosphate nanoparticles, transfection, gene delivery, cellular uptake, mesenchymal stem cells == Intro == Gene therapy, ie, delivery of restorative nucleic acids to target cells to replace a missing or defective gene, has emerged as an alternative treatment of acquired or inherited genetic disorders currently regarded as incurable, such as tumor,1,2diabetes,3and hemophilia.4Because naked DNA can scarcely penetrate most cell membranes before being degraded by nucleases, effective gene service providers or vectors that do not cause vector-associated toxicity are highly desirable.5To achieve this objective, both viral and nonviral gene vectors have been widely investigated. Among these service providers, viral vectors6appear to be the most effective because of the natural inclination of viruses to infect cells. However, these viral vectors have significant shortcomings, such as an immune response against the transfection system, tumor induction, poor target specificity, and a low capacity to incorporate exogenous genes,7,8that limit their software in gene therapy. Consequently, it is highly desirable to design and fabricate a safe and effective nonviral gene delivery vector. Nonviral gene vehicles have been undergoing intensive research due to several advantages over viral service providers, such as biocompatibility and biodegradability, a lack of immunogenicity, negligible toxicity, the ability to carry large restorative genes, and a reduced production cost.9Currently, the most commonly used nonviral vectors are complexes composed of plasmid DNA and cationic lipids or cationic polymers. However, cationic lipids and cationic polymers are accompanied by a number of drawbacks, such as their relatively large size and toxicity both in vitro and in vivo.10 In consideration of the stumbling blocks existing for both cationic lipids and cationic polymers, inorganic nanoparticles, such as metal and metal oxide nanoparticles,1113carbon nanotubes,14and calcium phosphate nanoparticles,15have emerged as alternatives because of the versatile properties suitable for cellular delivery, which include wide availability, rich functionality, biocompatibility, the potential capacity of target delivery, and the controlled release of the carried DNA. As one of the most commonly used inorganic materials in biochemistry and biotechnology, calcium phosphate nanoparticles enjoy several inherent properties that arranged this system apart for gene delivery. Unlike metallic and metallic oxide nanoparticles which are difficult to prepare,13and carbon nanotubes which are limited by security issues in biomedical applications,16calcium phosphate offers excellent biocompatibility because it can be found throughout the body in the form of amorphous calcium phosphate and crystalline hydroxyapatite, which is the major component of bone and tooth enamel. Additionally, reasonably high but benign concentrations of Ca2+and PO43(15 mM) happen in all vertebrates and are naturally nontoxic as well as bioresorbable.17Moreover, the solubility of calcium phosphate is variable, while regulated from the kidney.18This natural occurrence of calcium phosphate is one of its primary advantages over other synthetic gene delivery systems. In the last decade, calcium phosphate-DNA nanoparticles have been widely investigated to transfect different kinds of cell lines. Several developments have been reported concerning calcium phosphate particles encapsulating restorative nucleic acid and transfecting it into liver cells,19fibroblasts,20osteoblasts,21tumor cells22and additional cells. In one case, Roy et al23prepared ultralow size (80 nm) calcium phosphate-DNA nanoparticles having a modifiedp-amino-1-thio–galactopyranoside ligand, and these calcium phosphate- DNA nanoparticles were then used as nonviral vectors for -galactopyranoside receptor-targeted gene delivery. Bisht et al24synthesized nanoparticles of calcium phosphate encapsulating plasmid DNA which were used to transfect HeLa cell lines, and the results displayed higher transfection effectiveness than that of Tenovin-1<\/a> the commercial transfecting reagent, Polyfect. They Tenovin-1 also reported that calcium phosphate nanoparticles Tenovin-1 can be carried across the cell membrane via calcium ion channel-mediated endocytosis. In another study reported by Liu et al,25when calcium phosphate nanoparticles combined with suicide genes yCDglyTK for nasopharyngeal carcinoma therapy in vitro, just 24.76% of cells survived when the wild-type CNE-2 cells were treated with the calcium phosphate nanoparticle-yCDglyTK complex plus the prodrug, 5-FC (200 mg\/mL), indicating that calcium phosphate nanoparticles might be a potential vector for gene therapy. More recently, more and more attention has been focused on calcium phosphate nanoparticles for gene delivery, resulting in wider and deeper software of calcium phosphate in the field.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\ufeffTGF-1 plasmid (Shape 1A) was kindly provided by Dr Guang-Jian Zhang in the Medical College of Wisconsin (Milwaukee, WI). cultured cells with this study were […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[43],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-898","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-histaminergic-related-compounds"],"yoast_head":"\n\ufeffTGF-1 plasmid (Shape 1A) was kindly provided by Dr Guang-Jian Zhang in the Medical College of Wisconsin (Milwaukee, WI) - Discovery and characterization of Histamine-2 Receptor Antagonists<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/wmtc2006.com\/?p=898\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\ufeffTGF-1 plasmid (Shape 1A) was kindly provided by Dr Guang-Jian Zhang in the Medical College of Wisconsin (Milwaukee, WI) - 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